{
 "jurisdiction_id": "US-WV",
 "jurisdiction": "United States – West Virginia",
 "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/",
 "generator": "render_jid v13.3.0",
 "date_modified": "2026-08-11",
 "schema_version": "world-payments-v1",
 "counts": {
  "modules": 14,
  "sourced_findings": 60,
  "source_register": 159
 },
 "modules": [
  {
   "code": "W1a",
   "name": "Licensing, Authorisation & Market Access",
   "confidence": "Confirmed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w1a-licensing-authorisation-market-access",
   "standing_position": "West Virginia regulates money transmission, currency exchange, currency transportation and check cashing under the West Virginia Money Transmitters Act (W. Va. Code Ch. 32A, Art. 2), administered by the Division of Financial Institutions (DFI) via NMLS. Licensing follows the standard US state MTL model: fee, surety bond scaled to activity type, and a net-worth floor, most recently modernized by 2022's SB505.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "state statute (Money Transmitters Act)",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-1/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-1/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "regulator fee schedule",
     "source": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "surety bond requirement",
     "source": "https://www.jwsuretybonds.com/states/west-virginia/money-transmitter-bond",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "amending state statute",
     "source": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=SB505+INTR.htm&yr=2022&sesstype=RS&i=505",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "net worth requirement",
     "source": "https://www.bondexchange.com/west-virginia-money-transmitter-bond-a-comprehensive-guide/",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "bond tiering by activity",
     "source": "https://suretygroup.com/surety-bond/west-virginia-money-transmitter-bond/",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "regulator identity",
     "source": "https://dfi.wv.gov/",
     "source_url": "https://dfi.wv.gov/other_licenses/MoneyTransInfo/Pages/CurrencyTransmission.aspx",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W1b",
   "name": "Conduct, Safeguarding & Financial Promotions",
   "confidence": "Confirmed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w1b-conduct-safeguarding-financial-promotions",
   "standing_position": "Safeguarding for WV payments licensees is delivered through the statutory surety-bond/permissible-investment mechanism rather than a segregation-of-funds trust regime. Conduct enforcement runs through the Commissioner's cease-and-desist, consent-order and license-revocation powers under Article 2, while general consumer-facing conduct (billing, disclosure, unfair/deceptive practices) sits under the WV Consumer Credit and Protection Act, enforced by the Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "cease and desist authority",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-22/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-22/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "enforcement toolkit",
     "source": "https://law.justia.com/codes/west-virginia/2017/chapter-32a/article-2/",
     "source_url": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=SB505+INTR.htm&yr=2022&sesstype=RS&i=505",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "permissible investments requirement",
     "source": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=SB505+INTR.htm&yr=2022&sesstype=RS&i=505",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/consumer-protection-and-antitrust-division",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "consumer conduct regulator",
     "source": "https://ago.wv.gov/consumer-protection-and-antitrust-division",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/consumer-protection-and-antitrust-division",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "safeguarding/examination authority",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/email/31A/",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/consumer-protection-and-antitrust-division",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W2",
   "name": "Stablecoins & Digital Money",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w2-stablecoins-digital-money",
   "standing_position": "West Virginia has no enacted stablecoin-issuer licensing regime of its own; instead, 2025-2026 state legislative activity has centered on authorizing state treasury/vendor use of stablecoins and Bitcoin rather than regulating private issuance. Two bills are pending: the Inflation Protection Act (treasury investment authorization) and the FAST Act (state vendor payments). Federal GENIUS Act implementation is the operative stablecoin framework layer for WV-domiciled and WV-facing issuers absent a state-specific scheme.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "pending state bill (CAUTION: not enacted)",
     "source": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/Bill_Status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=sb465+intr.htm&yr=2025&sesstype=RS&i=465",
     "source_url": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/west-virginia-propose-bitcoin-investments",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "pending state bill (CAUTION: not enacted)",
     "source": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/west-virginia-propose-bitcoin-investments",
     "source_url": "https://www.cryptotimes.io/2026/02/13/west-virginia-introduces-fast-act-for-stablecoin-vendor-payments/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "pending state bill (CAUTION: not enacted)",
     "source": "https://www.cryptotimes.io/2026/02/13/west-virginia-introduces-fast-act-for-stablecoin-vendor-payments/",
     "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/12/19/2025-23510/approval-requirements-for-issuance-of-payment-stablecoins-by-subsidiaries-of-fdic-supervised-insured",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "federal stablecoin framework (GENIUS Act)",
     "source": "https://www.troutman.com/insights/how-payments-law-landscape-will-evolve-in-2026/",
     "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/12/19/2025-23510/approval-requirements-for-issuance-of-payment-stablecoins-by-subsidiaries-of-fdic-supervised-insured",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "policy tracker",
     "source": "https://www.wvblockchain.org/policy",
     "source_url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/12/19/2025-23510/approval-requirements-for-issuance-of-payment-stablecoins-by-subsidiaries-of-fdic-supervised-insured",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W3",
   "name": "Operational Resilience & Critical Infrastructure",
   "confidence": "Confirmed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w3-operational-resilience-critical-infrastructure",
   "standing_position": "WV has no DORA-style dedicated financial-sector operational-resilience statute; resilience oversight runs through the Division of Financial Institutions' general examination authority (extended explicitly to third-party IT vendors) layered on top of the federal FFIEC/OCC/FDIC cybersecurity supervisory framework applicable to all WV-chartered and nationally-chartered banks operating in the state, plus a state government-wide Cybersecurity Office with annual incident reporting.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "IT/vendor examination authority",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/email/31A/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/email/31A/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "federal supervisory framework",
     "source": "https://www.occ.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/cybersecurity-and-financial-system-resilience/files/pub-2025-cybersecurity-report.pdf",
     "source_url": "https://www.occ.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/cybersecurity-and-financial-system-resilience/files/pub-2025-cybersecurity-report.pdf",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "state cybersecurity incident reporting",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/5A-6C-4/",
     "source_url": "https://www.occ.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/cybersecurity-and-financial-system-resilience/files/pub-2025-cybersecurity-report.pdf",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "supervisory governance body",
     "source": "https://dfi.wv.gov/about/pages/wvboardofbanking.aspx",
     "source_url": "https://www.occ.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/cybersecurity-and-financial-system-resilience/files/pub-2025-cybersecurity-report.pdf",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "industry resilience training",
     "source": "http://www.wvbankers.org/cyber-security-workshop",
     "source_url": "https://www.occ.gov/publications-and-resources/publications/cybersecurity-and-financial-system-resilience/files/pub-2025-cybersecurity-report.pdf",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W4",
   "name": "Scheme & Network Compliance",
   "confidence": "Confirmed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w4-scheme-network-compliance",
   "standing_position": "West Virginia is an uncapped, permissive credit-card surcharging state with no state-specific interchange regulation; merchants and government entities alike may pass through card-network interchange costs, subject only to card-network (Visa/Mastercard) disclosure and notice rules and the general WVCCPA disclosure backstop. A 2013 attempt to cap surcharges at the multistate-settlement level did not become law.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "state statute enabling card fee pass-through",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/7-5-2A/",
     "source_url": "https://merchantcostconsulting.com/lower-credit-card-processing-fees/credit-card-surcharge-laws-by-state/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "surcharge legal status",
     "source": "https://merchantcostconsulting.com/lower-credit-card-processing-fees/credit-card-surcharge-laws-by-state/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/7-5-2A/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "failed legislative proposal",
     "source": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/News_Release/pressrelease.cfm?release=469",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/7-5-2A/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "scheme rule layer",
     "source": "https://ebizcharge.com/blog/credit-card-surcharging-a-state-by-state-legal-analysis/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/7-5-2A/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W5",
   "name": "Payment Corridor Dynamics",
   "confidence": "Assessed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w5-payment-corridor-dynamics",
   "standing_position": "West Virginia has no distinct sub-national cross-border payment corridor or remittance regime; corridor and settlement access for WV institutions runs entirely through federal rails (Fedwire, ACH, SWIFT via correspondent banks) within the Federal Reserve's Fifth District (Richmond Fed), which also runs rural community-investment programs relevant to WV's largely rural payments footprint.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "Federal Reserve district structure",
     "source": "https://www.richmondfed.org/region_communities/our_region/west_virginia",
     "source_url": "https://www.richmondfed.org/region_communities/our_region/west_virginia",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "currency exchange definition (cross-border touchpoint)",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-1/",
     "source_url": "https://www.richmondfed.org/region_communities/our_region/west_virginia",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W6",
   "name": "Industry Structure & Commercial Dynamics",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w6-industry-structure-commercial-dynamics",
   "standing_position": "WV's payments-adjacent banking market spans traditional community banks and credit unions supervised by the DFI alongside one nationally significant outlier -- MVB Bank (Fairmont) -- which has pivoted into a national banking-as-a-service and fintech/gaming-payments provider. 2026 saw the state's first-ever credit-union acquisition of a bank and continued out-of-state bank consolidation into WV markets.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "market structure shift",
     "source": "https://www.americanbanker.com/payments/news/a-west-virginia-banks-bet-on-gambling-and-fintech-is-paying-off",
     "source_url": "https://www.americanbanker.com/payments/news/a-west-virginia-banks-bet-on-gambling-and-fintech-is-paying-off",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "market structure event",
     "source": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_url": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "market structure event (SEC filing)",
     "source": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000859070/000143774926002090/ex_912125.htm",
     "source_url": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "regulator institution register",
     "source": "https://dfi.wv.gov/banking/insitutions/Pages/Banks.aspx",
     "source_url": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "industry association scale data",
     "source": "https://www.wvbankers.org/membercenter",
     "source_url": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W7",
   "name": "Legal & Litigation",
   "confidence": "Assessed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w7-legal-litigation",
   "standing_position": "No landmark WV-specific payments litigation or enforcement case was identified in this baseline sweep; WV's payments enforcement architecture is entirely administrative (Commissioner cease-and-desist/consent-order/revocation powers under Ch. 32A), operating against a national backdrop of sharply reduced federal (CFPB) enforcement activity in 2025-2026 that is shifting scrutiny toward state-level actors.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "administrative enforcement powers",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-22/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-22/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "national enforcement backdrop",
     "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/usa-washington/trends-and-developments",
     "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/usa-washington/trends-and-developments",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W8",
   "name": "Merchant Acquiring & Risk",
   "confidence": "Assessed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w8-merchant-acquiring-risk",
   "standing_position": "West Virginia has no state-specific merchant-acquiring licensing or high-risk-merchant regime; acquiring, onboarding-risk and chargeback/dispute mechanics for WV merchants are governed entirely by card-network programs (Visa VDMP/VFMP, Mastercard Excessive Chargeback Merchant program) and federal law layered on top of WV's permissive, uncapped surcharge posture.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "scheme risk-management program",
     "source": "https://chargebacks911.com/chargeback-rules/",
     "source_url": "https://chargebacks911.com/chargeback-rules/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "scheme disclosure obligations",
     "source": "https://ebizcharge.com/blog/credit-card-surcharging-a-state-by-state-legal-analysis/",
     "source_url": "https://chargebacks911.com/chargeback-rules/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W9",
   "name": "Product Innovation & Market Development",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w9-product-innovation-market-development",
   "standing_position": "WV's most active 2025-2026 product-innovation vector is state-level digital-asset policy (pending treasury Bitcoin/stablecoin investment authority and vendor stablecoin-payment authority) layered onto a rapidly accelerating adjacent data-center/AI-infrastructure investment wave, with the WV Blockchain Foundation actively promoting DePIN and Bitcoin-mining pilots using stranded energy across Appalachia.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "pending state bill (CAUTION: not enacted)",
     "source": "https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/west-virginia-propose-bitcoin-investments",
     "source_url": "https://westvirginia.gov/4-billion-data-center-campus-planned-for-berkeley-county-positioning-west-virginia-for-the-ai-and-cloud-economy/",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "pending state bill (CAUTION: not enacted)",
     "source": "https://www.cryptotimes.io/2026/02/13/west-virginia-introduces-fast-act-for-stablecoin-vendor-payments/",
     "source_url": "https://governor.wv.gov/article/governor-morrisey-announces-google-data-center-project-putnam-county",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "official government announcement",
     "source": "https://governor.wv.gov/article/governor-morrisey-announces-google-data-center-project-putnam-county",
     "source_url": "https://www.wvblockchain.org/depin",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "official government announcement",
     "source": "https://westvirginia.gov/4-billion-data-center-campus-planned-for-berkeley-county-positioning-west-virginia-for-the-ai-and-cloud-economy/",
     "source_url": "https://www.wvblockchain.org/depin",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "innovation ecosystem activity",
     "source": "https://www.wvblockchain.org/depin",
     "source_url": "https://www.wvblockchain.org/depin",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W10",
   "name": "Consumer Protection & APP Fraud",
   "confidence": "Confirmed",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w10-consumer-protection-app-fraud",
   "standing_position": "WV's consumer-protection backstop for payments-related harm is the general WV Consumer Credit and Protection Act (Ch. 46A), enforced by the Attorney General's Consumer Protection and Antitrust Division, which in 2026 launched a monthly scam-tracking initiative amid rising AI-enabled and SIM-swap-related fraud. WV has no dedicated APP-fraud mandatory-reimbursement scheme comparable to the UK's PSR regime.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "state consumer protection statute",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/46A-7-102/",
     "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/46A-7-102/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "consumer complaint mechanism",
     "source": "https://ago.wv.gov/consumer-protection/file-complaint-consumer-protection-division",
     "source_url": "https://wvpublic.org/story/health-science/scam-tracker-website-tallies-fraud-attempts/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "fraud trend monitoring",
     "source": "https://ago.wv.gov/article/attorney-general-mccuskey-announces-slam-scam-day",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/article/attorney-general-mccuskey-announces-slam-scam-day",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "new consumer-protection tooling",
     "source": "https://wvpublic.org/story/health-science/scam-tracker-website-tallies-fraud-attempts/",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/article/attorney-general-mccuskey-announces-slam-scam-day",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "fraud trend monitoring",
     "source": "https://ago.wv.gov/article/top-scams-reported-west-virginia-attorney-generals-office-april-2026",
     "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/article/attorney-general-mccuskey-announces-slam-scam-day",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W11",
   "name": "AML/CFT & Financial Crime",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w11-aml-cft-financial-crime",
   "standing_position": "Per the Sentinel.gi payments-context feed: WV money transmission licensees sit under a dual federal/state AML architecture -- FinCEN MSB registration and BSA program obligations layered on top of WV Commissioner authority to cease-and-desist for federal AML-law violations -- operating against a 2025-2026 federal backdrop of materially loosened DOJ crypto-enforcement posture and delayed FinCEN investment-adviser AML rulemaking.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "sentinel.federal-msb-registration",
     "source": "https://www.fincen.gov/enforcement-actions-failure-register-money-services-business",
     "source_url": "https://www.fincen.gov/enforcement-actions-failure-register-money-services-business",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "sentinel.state-federal-aml-linkage",
     "source": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/32A-2-22/",
     "source_url": "https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/review/the-investigations-review-of-the-americas/2026/article/doj-and-sec-crypto-exchange-enforcement-in-the-united-states",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "sentinel.federal-crypto-enforcement-posture",
     "source": "https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/review/the-investigations-review-of-the-americas/2026/article/doj-and-sec-crypto-exchange-enforcement-in-the-united-states",
     "source_url": "https://www.ncontracts.com/nsight-blog/august-regulatory-update",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "sentinel.federal-aml-rulemaking-delay",
     "source": "https://www.ncontracts.com/nsight-blog/august-regulatory-update",
     "source_url": "https://www.ncontracts.com/nsight-blog/august-regulatory-update",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W12",
   "name": "Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w12-correspondent-banking-settlement-access",
   "standing_position": "WV community banks and credit unions access national settlement rails predominantly through correspondent relationships and the Federal Reserve's Fifth District (Richmond Fed), with MVB Bank (Fairmont) standing out as a direct correspondent-lending provider to other WV community banks and as a BaaS gateway offering fintech clients Fedwire/ACH/RTP access and FBO account structures.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "correspondent banking service",
     "source": "https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/mvb-bank",
     "source_url": "https://www.mvbbanking.com/banking-service",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "settlement rail access disclosure",
     "source": "https://www.mvbbanking.com/banking-service",
     "source_url": "https://acceleronbank.com/articles/community-banking-news-update-bank-fintech-acquisitions-credit-union-tax-sba-eligibility-changes-february-2026",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "Federal Reserve district access structure",
     "source": "https://www.richmondfed.org/region_communities/our_region/west_virginia",
     "source_url": "https://acceleronbank.com/articles/community-banking-news-update-bank-fintech-acquisitions-credit-union-tax-sba-eligibility-changes-february-2026",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "correspondent access development",
     "source": "https://acceleronbank.com/articles/community-banking-news-update-bank-fintech-acquisitions-credit-union-tax-sba-eligibility-changes-february-2026",
     "source_url": "https://acceleronbank.com/articles/community-banking-news-update-bank-fintech-acquisitions-credit-union-tax-sba-eligibility-changes-february-2026",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "correspondent relationship directory",
     "source": "https://www.wvbankers.org/membercenter",
     "source_url": "https://acceleronbank.com/articles/community-banking-news-update-bank-fintech-acquisitions-credit-union-tax-sba-eligibility-changes-february-2026",
     "source_tier": "3",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "code": "W13",
   "name": "Commercial Intelligence & Fintech",
   "confidence": "High",
   "moved_this_cycle": true,
   "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-states-west-virginia/#w13-commercial-intelligence-fintech",
   "standing_position": "The trailing-12-month window shows consolidation among WV-domiciled depositories (a landmark credit-union-acquires-bank transaction and continued out-of-state bank M&A into WV markets) alongside two large adjacent digital-infrastructure investment announcements (Google, Penzance) that are reshaping the state's payments-relevant technology and energy landscape.",
   "findings": [
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "M&A - credit union acquires bank",
     "source": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_url": "https://www.newsandsentinel.com/news/business/2026/07/rev-federal-credit-union-arrives-in-west-virginia-with-acquisition-of-first-neighborhood-bank/",
     "source_tier": "2",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "M&A - bank holding company acquisition",
     "source": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000859070/000143774926002090/ex_912125.htm",
     "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000859070/000143774926002090/ex_912125.htm",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "product/infrastructure investment",
     "source": "https://governor.wv.gov/article/governor-morrisey-announces-google-data-center-project-putnam-county",
     "source_url": "https://governor.wv.gov/article/governor-morrisey-announces-google-data-center-project-putnam-county",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    },
    {
     "finding": null,
     "instrument_type": "product/infrastructure investment",
     "source": "https://westvirginia.gov/4-billion-data-center-campus-planned-for-berkeley-county-positioning-west-virginia-for-the-ai-and-cloud-economy/",
     "source_url": "https://westvirginia.gov/4-billion-data-center-campus-planned-for-berkeley-county-positioning-west-virginia-for-the-ai-and-cloud-economy/",
     "source_tier": "1",
     "retrieved_at": null
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}