{ "jurisdiction_id": "AE", "jurisdiction": "United Arab Emirates", "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/", "generator": "render_jid v13.3.0", "date_modified": "2026-08-11", "schema_version": "world-payments-v1", "counts": { "modules": 14, "sourced_findings": 61, "source_register": 94 }, "modules": [ { "code": "W1a", "name": "Licensing, Authorisation & Market Access", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w1a-licensing-authorisation-market-access", "standing_position": "CBUAE licenses and supervises Exchange Business, Stored Value Facilities and other Licensed Financial Institutions under the Central Bank Law (Federal Decree-Law No. 14 of 2018). Financial Free Zones (ADGM, DIFC) are regulated separately.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/retail-payment-services-and-card-schemes-regulation", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.kayrouzandassociates.com/insights/cbuae-payment-service-provider-licensing-uae", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "statute", "source": "https://www.mondaq.com/financial-services/1651280/payment-service-providers-in-the-uae-legal-frameworks-and-licensing-demystified", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://10leaves.ae/legal/cbuae-retail-payment-services-and-card-schemes-license", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "statute", "source": "https://uaelegislation.gov.ae/en/legislations/3284", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W1b", "name": "Conduct, Safeguarding & Financial Promotions", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w1b-conduct-safeguarding-financial-promotions", "standing_position": "Onshore conduct and safeguarding flow from the SVF Regulation and RPSCS Regulation, supervised by the CBUAE Consumer Protection function. SVF licensees must protect customer float (segregation / additional capital floor mechanisms), maintain an Additional Capital Float buffer of at least 5% of total customer float, and meet fit-and-proper, residency, risk-management and AML/CFT obligations. Conduct standards include standardized pre-contractual disclosure (Key Facts Statements), fee-change notice rules and complaint-handling, with the Sanadak ombudsman as external escalation.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/stored-value-facilities", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.cryptoverselawyers.io/central-bank-uae-stored-value-facilities-regulation/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "guidance", "source": "https://bank-uae.com/uae-banks-customer-rights/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/article-13-technology-risk-and-information-security", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W2", "name": "Stablecoins & Digital Money", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w2-stablecoins-digital-money", "standing_position": "PTSR (Circular 2/2024) governs onshore stablecoins via three activities; Dirham Payment Tokens require a licence (AE Coin first, Dec 2024), Foreign Payment Tokens require registration (USDU first, Jan 2026); 100% HQLA reserves, par redemption, no yield, algorithmic/privacy tokens prohibited; transition ended ~June 2025; excludes DIFC/ADGM.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/payment-token-services-regulation", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.financierworldwide.com/assessing-the-uae-payment-token-services-regulation", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.nephosgroup.com/nephos-blog/uae-stablecoin-regulation-ptsr-guide/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.regulationtomorrow.com/dubai-and-saudi/cbuae-payment-token-services-regulation/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "registration", "source": "https://thepaypers.com/crypto-web3-and-cbdc/news/uae-central-bank-approves-first-usd-backed-stablecoin-under-ptsr", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W3", "name": "Operational Resilience & Critical Infrastructure", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w3-operational-resilience-critical-infrastructure", "standing_position": "Operational resilience for onshore institutions is built from sector regulations rather than a single DORA-style instrument: the CBUAE Operational Risk Management Regulation/Standards, the Outsourcing Regulation & Standards for Banks (covering material business activity, outsourcing registers, cross-border data and concentration risk), technology/cyber requirements embedded in the RPSCS (Article 13) and SVF regulations, and the Guidelines for Financial Institutions Adopting Enabling Technologies (cloud, API, DLT). PSPs/SVF licensees must maintain fit-for-purpose technology and cyber-resilience frameworks, incident management, and business-continuity plans with escalation/reporting to the Central Bank.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/outsourcing-regulation-banks", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/article-13-technology-risk-and-information-security", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "guidance", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/guidelines-financial-institutions-adopting-enabling-technologies", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/d-operational-risk", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W4", "name": "Scheme & Network Compliance", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w4-scheme-network-compliance", "standing_position": "Card-scheme and network compliance in the UAE combines the international schemes (Visa, Mastercard, Discover, UnionPay) with the national domestic card scheme Jaywan, operated by Al Etihad Payments (AEP, a CBUAE subsidiary) and routed through the UAESWITCH national switch. Jaywan launched 2024 and became operational in 2025, with co-badging agreements allowing domestic routing on Jaywan and cross-border processing on global networks; it is positioned to retain interchange/processing value onshore. PCI DSS remains the card-data security baseline, and the RPSCS Regulation governs card-scheme licensing and reporting to CBUAE.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme", "source": "https://aep.ae/en/news-media/press-releasesarticles/jaywan-uaes-new-domestic-card-payment-scheme-all-your-questions-answered/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme", "source": "https://blog.jobxdubai.com/2025/05/19/jaywan-uae-domestic-card-payment-scheme-guide/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme", "source": "https://gulfnews.com/business/banking/uae-launches-first-domestic-card-scheme-jaywan-1.500048458", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme", "source": "https://itexus.com/instant-payments-domestic-card-scheme-what-builders-need-to-know/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W5", "name": "Payment Corridor Dynamics", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": true, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w5-payment-corridor-dynamics", "standing_position": "The UAE is one of the world's largest remittance-source markets (88-90% expatriate population), with principal outbound corridors to India, Pakistan and the Philippines. Cross-border rails include SWIFT-based correspondent flows settled through UAEFTS, the Arab Monetary Fund's BUNA multi-currency RTGS (which includes AED) and the GCC's AFAQ system; the domestic Aani instant-payment platform (launched Oct 2023) is being linked internationally, notably to India's UPI. Exchange houses (Al Ansari, Lulu, Al Fardan) remain central to retail remittance, alongside Wise/Remitly/Western Union and emerging CBDC corridors (Digital Dirham, mBridge).", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://www.centralbank.ae/en/our-operations/payments-and-settlements/buna-arab-regional-payment-system/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://tabinsights.com/article/improved-cross-border-payment-systems-support-growth-in-middle-east", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://itexus.com/cross-border-payments-remittance-platforms-in-the-middle-east/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://www.theasianbanker.com/updates-and-articles/cross-border-payments-in-the-middle-east-become-more-inclusive", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W6", "name": "Industry Structure & Commercial Dynamics", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w6-industry-structure-commercial-dynamics", "standing_position": "The UAE payments market is bank-anchored (Emirates NBD, FAB, Mashreq, ADCB) but increasingly fintech-driven, with a fast-growing card market (projected ~AED 565.5bn in 2025) and rapid wallet/contactless adoption. Acquiring and processing consolidated sharply in 2025 with the Network International–Magnati merger under a Brookfield-led consortium, creating the region's largest fintech/payments platform. The market also features exchange houses for remittance, BNPL leaders (Tabby), payment wallets (Ziina, Mamo), gateways (Telr, Checkout.com) and embedded-finance infrastructure (NymCard, TPAY).", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://www.network.ae/en/about-us/press-and-media/news/network-international-and-magnati-secure-key-regulatory-approvals-for-merger", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/finance/uaes-digital-payments-boom-gets-a-boost-with-network-internationalmagnati-merger", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://www.mondaq.com/financial-services/1651280/payment-service-providers-in-the-uae-legal-frameworks-and-licensing-demystified", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://www.thunes.com/insights/trends/powering-payments-in-the-middle-east-the-uaes-influence/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W7", "name": "Legal & Litigation", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w7-legal-litigation", "standing_position": "Payments-sector legal action in the UAE is dominated by CBUAE administrative/financial enforcement rather than private litigation. In 2025 the CBUAE ran one of its most aggressive AML/CFT enforcement campaigns, with cumulative fines reported in the hundreds of millions of dirhams (~AED 370m+ since the start of 2025) across foreign bank branches, exchange houses, insurers and brokerages, including license revocations and personal sanctions on compliance officers/MLROs. Enforcement is grounded in Federal Decree-Law No. 20 of 2018 (AML/CFT) and the Central Bank Law, administered via the CBUAE Enforcement Department with appeals through the Grievances and Appeals Committee.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "enforcement", "source": "https://www.centralbank.ae/en/our-operations/enforcement/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "enforcement", "source": "https://www.centralbank.ae/media/hhphe2s3/cbuae-imposes-financial-sanctions-of-aed-4-1-million-on-three-exchange-houses-en.pdf", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "enforcement", "source": "https://natlawreview.com/article/uae-central-bank-fines-foreign-bank-and-compliance-officer-money-laundering", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "enforcement", "source": "https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-us/knowledge/publications/0eafbc05/aml-enforcement-on-the-rise", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W8", "name": "Merchant Acquiring & Risk", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w8-merchant-acquiring-risk", "standing_position": "Merchant acquiring is a licensed retail payment service under the RPSCS Regulation, with the merged Network International/Magnati the dominant acquirer/processor alongside bank-owned and fintech acquirers (Mashreq/NeoPay, Magnati, Mamo, Telr). Acquirers onboard merchants for card-present and online acceptance, route domestic debit/prepaid through Jaywan/UAESWITCH, and increasingly support Aani QR and UPI acceptance. Onboarding, fraud, tokenisation and chargeback/dispute mechanics are embedded in scheme rules plus CBUAE technology-risk and AML guidance for payment-sector participants.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://www.kayrouzandassociates.com/insights/cbuae-payment-service-provider-licensing-uae", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://tbreak.com/network-international-magnati-merger-uae-mea/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure", "source": "https://currentaffairs.adda247.com/npci-and-magnati-partner-to-boost-upi-use-in-uae/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "guidance", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/guidance-licensed-financial-institutions-risks-relating-payments", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W9", "name": "Product Innovation & Market Development", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w9-product-innovation-market-development", "standing_position": "The UAE is in an intense build-out phase under the CBUAE Financial Infrastructure Transformation (FIT) programme and National Payment Systems Strategy (NPSS): the Aani instant-payment platform (Oct 2023, mobile-number/QR/request-to-pay), the Jaywan domestic card scheme (2024-25), an Open Finance Regulation (published 15 April 2024) enabling pay-by-bank, and the Digital Dirham CBDC, now legislated as legal tender under CB Law 2025 with a first government transaction executed 11 Nov 2025 (mBridge/Aber lineage). BNPL, embedded finance and tap-to-pay (SoftPOS) are rapidly expanding.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://www.centralbank.ae/en/our-operations/payments-and-settlements/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://remit.ae/uae-money-movement", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "cbdc", "source": "https://thepaypers.com/crypto-web3-and-cbdc/news/uae-central-bank-approves-first-usd-backed-stablecoin-under-ptsr", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "product", "source": "https://tracxn.com/d/companies/ziina/__0IibwCkPb7vnIfS1nr7vHAKCS3JL6O86zYNNg7WzDhY", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W10", "name": "Consumer Protection & APP Fraud", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": true, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w10-consumer-protection-app-fraud", "standing_position": "Consumer protection is anchored in the CBUAE Consumer Protection Regulation/Standards and the Establishment of an Ombudsman Unit Regulation, which created Sanadak — the first independent financial & insurance ombudsman in the MENA region (launched 2024) — assuming the former Consumer Protection Department complaint-handling role. Consumers must first complain to the institution and wait 15 calendar days before escalating to Sanadak. There is no UK-style statutory APP-fraud mandatory reimbursement regime; redress for unauthorised/fraudulent digital-payment debits is handled case-by-case via institution complaints, the CBUAE consumer portal and Sanadak, with disclosure obligations (Key Facts Statements) on providers.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/establishment-ombudsman-unit-united-arab-emirates-regulation", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://u.ae/en/information-and-services/finance-and-investment/raising-complaints-against-financial-institutions-and-insurance-companies", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://sanadak.gov.ae/en/about/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "case", "source": "https://sanadak.gov.ae/en/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W11", "name": "AML/CFT & Financial Crime", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w11-aml-cft-financial-crime", "standing_position": "Post-FATF-grey-list CBUAE AML enforcement campaign (AED 370m+ fines, license revocations, personal MLRO sanctions); PSP/SVF full AML obligations under FDL No.20 of 2018 as amended (No.7 of 2024, No.10 of 2025). Sentinel-fed; original analysis routed to FIM.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "guidance", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/guidance-licensed-financial-institutions-risks-relating-payments", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "UAE operates under Federal Decree-Law No. 20 of 2018 (as amended) on AML/CFT, a federal FIU (goAML-based), and a layered crypto regime (CBUAE, SCA, VARA, DFSA, FSRA). Delisted from FATF grey list (Feb 2024) and EU high-risk AML list (Jun 2025) after action-plan remediation, but fragmented free-zone supervision (7 emirates, 2 financial free zones, ~39 commercial free zones/registries) and weak BO transparency persist structurally.", "instrument_type": "assessment", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) per-JID baseline profile — United Arab Emirates", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: sourcing-thinness", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-004)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Sanctions: EU divergence", "instrument_type": "sanctions_change", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) sanctions_change_register (issue FIM-BASE-SANC-003)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: regulatory-failure", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-001)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: enforcement-absence", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-003)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W12", "name": "Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w12-correspondent-banking-settlement-access", "standing_position": "Settlement access is centred on the CBUAE-operated UAE Funds Transfer System (UAEFTS), the national RTGS (operational since 2001, UAEFTS 3.0 since 2012) settling in central-bank money in AED, with access conditioned on CBUAE licensing, maintaining a CBUAE account and completing network/application certification. Exchange houses must settle all in-UAE transactions in AED via UAEFTS and obtain CBUAE no-objection to open foreign hedge/correspondent accounts. Cross-border correspondent flows run via SWIFT and increasingly via BUNA/AFAQ and the planned GCC RTGS, reducing reliance on bilateral correspondent chains; de-risking and intensified AML scrutiny shape access for higher-risk corridors.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://www.centralbank.ae/en/our-operations/payments-and-settlements/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulation", "source": "https://rulebook.centralbank.ae/en/rulebook/standards-regulations-regarding-licensing-and-monitoring-exchange-business", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://farazzafar.com/blog/my-blogs-and-position-papers-1/post/uae-central-bank-payment-and-settlement-systems-60", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "rail", "source": "https://www.ib.barclays/our-insights/payments-evolution-in-the-uae-and-middle-east.html", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W13", "name": "Commercial Intelligence & Fintech", "confidence": "Assessed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/united-arab-emirates/#w13-commercial-intelligence-fintech", "standing_position": "Trailing-12-month UAE commercial activity led by Network International-Magnati merger (~Oct 2025, Brookfield-led), Tabby $4.5bn valuation + CBUAE SVF licence, NymCard $33m Series B, USDU stablecoin registration, and PayPal-NEOPAY / Botim-TerraPay partnerships.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://www.network.ae/en/about-us/press-and-media/news/network-international-and-magnati-secure-key-regulatory-approvals-for-merger", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://arabianbusinesstimez.com/top-10-fintech-startups-in-uae/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://www.fintechfutures.com/fintech/dubai-opportunities-finance-and-funding-for-start-ups-scale-ups-and-smes", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://fintechnews.ae/30634/fintechdubai/top-funded-uae-fintech-startups-of-2026/", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://tracxn.com/d/geographies/united-arab-emirates/__3OiAv3pREWpxnktEnzWFLJSYAQglJ5zhPRSqNSmDIKs", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null } ] } ] }