{ "jurisdiction_id": "CZ", "jurisdiction": "Czech Republic", "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/", "generator": "render_jid v13.3.0", "date_modified": "2026-08-11", "schema_version": "world-payments-v1", "counts": { "modules": 14, "sourced_findings": 72, "source_register": 149 }, "modules": [ { "code": "W1a", "name": "Licensing, Authorisation & Market Access", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": true, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w1a-licensing-authorisation-market-access", "standing_position": "CZ crypto-asset services now exclusively under CNB MiCA CASP authorisation as of 1 July 2026; legacy Trade Licensing Act VASP registration route expired; 11 entities authorised of 251 applications assessed.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "primary statute", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/status-of-supervision/supervision-of-payment-institutions-and-electronic-money-institutions/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/status-of-supervision/supervision-of-payment-institutions-and-electronic-money-institutions/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "implementing decree", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/licensing-and-approval-proceedings/licensing-and-approval-proceedings-payment-institutions/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "licence type comparison", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/emd2-and-psd2-in-practice", "source_url": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/emd2-and-psd2-in-practice", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "capital thresholds", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/cnb-license-for-foreign-companies", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CERTIS-processes-almost-anbspbillion-interbank-payment-transactions-annually.-The-CNB-will-now-also-provide-non-bank-entities-with-access-to-the-system/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "MiCA authorisation", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CERTIS-processes-almost-anbspbillion-interbank-payment-transactions-annually.-The-CNB-will-now-also-provide-non-bank-entities-with-access-to-the-system/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market access route", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/czech-republic", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CERTIS-processes-almost-anbspbillion-interbank-payment-transactions-annually.-The-CNB-will-now-also-provide-non-bank-entities-with-access-to-the-system/", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W1b", "name": "Conduct, Safeguarding & Financial Promotions", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w1b-conduct-safeguarding-financial-promotions", "standing_position": "Client-fund safeguarding for Czech PIs/EMIs follows the PSD2/EMD2 segregation model (payment accounts for defined transactions only for PIs; broader e-money storage for EMIs), documented via internal AML/safeguarding policies reviewed by the CNB during licensing. Conduct supervision sits with the CNB; general consumer-protection/advertising conduct overlaps with the Czech Trade Inspection Authority and the Consumer Protection Act.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "safeguarding distinction", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/electronic-money-institution-license-in-the-czech-republic", "source_url": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/electronic-money-institution-license-in-the-czech-republic", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "safeguarding/AML documentation", "source": "https://amseurope.eu/services/financial-and-payment-licenses/pi-licence-in-the-czech-republic/", "source_url": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/regular-aml-reporting-towards-the-czech-national-bank", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "conduct/dispute regime", "source": "https://finarbitr.gov.cz/en/areas-of-competence/payment-services.html", "source_url": "https://finarbitr.gov.cz/en/areas-of-competence/payment-services.html", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "supervisory posture", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/status-of-supervision/supervision-of-payment-institutions-and-electronic-money-institutions/", "source_url": "https://finarbitr.gov.cz/en/areas-of-competence/payment-services.html", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "physical presence / conduct enforcement", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/regular-aml-reporting-towards-the-czech-national-bank", "source_url": "https://finarbitr.gov.cz/en/areas-of-competence/payment-services.html", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W2", "name": "Stablecoins & Digital Money", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w2-stablecoins-digital-money", "standing_position": "The Czech Republic applies MiCA directly as EU law, operationalised nationally via Act No. 31/2025 Coll. (Digital Finance Act, in force 15 February 2025), which designates the CNB as competent authority for CASP licensing and ART/EMT oversight. Czech Republic opted for the full 18-month CASP transitional period to 1 July 2026. A domestic EMT issuer (Stable Europe s.r.o., issuing CZKI) is already MiCA-authorised.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "implementing statute", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/the-cnbs-area-of-competence-under-the-regulation-on-markets-in-crypto-assets-mica/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/the-cnbs-area-of-competence-under-the-regulation-on-markets-in-crypto-assets-mica/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "EMT issuance rule", "source": "https://proximalegal.cz/en/blog/mica-licensing-a-practical-guide-for-crypto-asset-issuers-and-service-providers", "source_url": "https://proximalegal.cz/en/blog/mica-licensing-a-practical-guide-for-crypto-asset-issuers-and-service-providers", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "issuer register", "source": "https://www.ccn.com/education/crypto/mica-compliance-watchlist-stablecoin-issuers-casps-list/", "source_url": "https://www.ccn.com/education/crypto/mica-compliance-watchlist-stablecoin-issuers-casps-list/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "national transposition timeline", "source": "https://www.plasma.to/learn/tools/stablecoin-regulation-map/czechia", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulatory overlap", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/mica-and-psd2-is-your-crypto-business-facing-a-hidden-regulatory-trap-in-the-czech-republic", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "supervisory capacity signal", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-the-first-six-authorisations-under-the-MiCA-Regulation-00001/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W3", "name": "Operational Resilience & Critical Infrastructure", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w3-operational-resilience-critical-infrastructure", "standing_position": "DORA (Regulation (EU) 2022/2554) became fully applicable in the Czech Republic on 17 January 2025, transposed via the Act on the Digitalisation of the Financial Market (Act No. 31/2025 Coll.), with the CNB as DORA supervisory/sanctioning authority working alongside NÚKIB under the national Cybersecurity Act (effective November 2025) and a new Critical Infrastructure Resilience Act (effective November 2025).", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "EU regulation", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/news/DORA-regulation-comes-into-effect/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/news/DORA-regulation-comes-into-effect/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "national implementing act", "source": "https://ceelegalmatters.com/briefings/29173-czech-republic-cybersecurity-and-financial-institutions-in-light-of-dora-and-nis2", "source_url": "https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/blockchain-and-digital-assets-news-and-trends/2025/czech-act-on-digitalization-of-the-financial-market", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "penalty regime", "source": "https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/blockchain-and-digital-assets-news-and-trends/2025/czech-act-on-digitalization-of-the-financial-market", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "critical infrastructure act", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "cybersecurity decree", "source": "https://iclg.com/practice-areas/cybersecurity-laws-and-regulations/czech-republic/", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W4", "name": "Scheme & Network Compliance", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w4-scheme-network-compliance", "standing_position": "Card-scheme compliance in the Czech Republic runs on the EU Interchange Fee Regulation (2015/751) caps of 0.2%/0.3% for domestic debit/credit consumer transactions, replacing a historical ~1% domestic interchange norm; Visa and Mastercard scheme rulebooks and PCI DSS apply directly to Czech acquirers, issuers and merchants via acquiring agreements.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "historical interchange norm", "source": "https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=83ca26ba-0ff0-467e-85f0-bc5e42759cae", "source_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32015R0751", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "EU Regulation 2015/751", "source": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32015R0751", "source_url": "https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/standards/pci-dss/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme fee schedule", "source": "https://worldline.com/content/dam/worldline/global/documents/brochures/scheme-fees-czech-republic.pdf", "source_url": "https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=83ca26ba-0ff0-467e-85f0-bc5e42759cae", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "PCI DSS", "source": "https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/standards/pci-dss/", "source_url": "https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=83ca26ba-0ff0-467e-85f0-bc5e42759cae", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "SCA/PSD2 card rules", "source": "https://www.dimoco.com/blog/card-payments-eu-explained/", "source_url": "https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=83ca26ba-0ff0-467e-85f0-bc5e42759cae", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W5", "name": "Payment Corridor Dynamics", "confidence": "Confirmed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w5-payment-corridor-dynamics", "standing_position": "Domestic Czech koruna payments settle via the CNB-operated CERTIS RTGS system, including a mature instant-payments scheme (since 2018) with a CZK 2.5 million per-transaction ceiling. Cross-border euro corridors run via SEPA/SEPA Instant (STEP2/TIPS) and TARGET2/T2, alongside SWIFT-based correspondent banking; mandatory instant euro payment acceptance for Czech banks is scheduled from January 2027.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "domestic RTGS/instant rail", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/instant-payments-description/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/instant-payments-description/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "euro corridor migration", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/instant-payments/", "source_url": "https://worldline.com/en/home/main-navigation/resources/blogs/2025/instant-payments-regulation-a-key-development-for-non-eurozone-eu-countries", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "cross-border rail mix", "source": "https://cashmanagement.bnpparibas.com/atlas-countries/czech-republic", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/instant-payments/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "SEPA Instant adoption", "source": "https://ffnews.com/newsarticle/the-rise-of-real-time-payments-a-look-at-the-czech-republics-journey/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "domestic rail usage data", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W6", "name": "Industry Structure & Commercial Dynamics", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w6-industry-structure-commercial-dynamics", "standing_position": "The Czech banking sector is concentrated, with the top four banks (Česká spořitelna, ČSOB, Komerční banka, UniCredit Bank CZ/SK) holding over 60% of total sector assets against a backdrop of 43 licensed credit institutions. A fast-growing nonbank/neobank and fintech layer (23 neobank/e-money entities, 180-220+ fintech firms) has emerged alongside domestic payment gateway players (GoPay, Comgate) and PPF-group-linked entities (Air Bank, Twisto's former ownership chain).", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market concentration data", "source": "https://grokipedia.com/page/List_of_banks_in_the_Czech_Republic", "source_url": "https://grokipedia.com/page/List_of_banks_in_the_Czech_Republic", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "neobank/nonbank count", "source": "https://grokipedia.com/page/List_of_banks_in_the_Czech_Republic", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "fintech ecosystem sizing", "source": "https://blog.unchainfestival.com/the-czech-republic-a-quiet-strength-in-europes-fintech-race/", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "payment gateway players", "source": "https://thefintechtimes.com/fintech-landscape-of-the-czech-republic-in-2026/", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "market-structure shift", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/banking-regulation-2026/czech-republic/trends-and-developments", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W7", "name": "Legal & Litigation", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w7-legal-litigation", "standing_position": "CNB enforcement in the payments/AML space has produced material fines against regulated entities for AML/internal-control deficiencies (Fio banka, Expobank CZ) and licence revocations for payment/e-money institutions (including GOPAY s.r.o.'s EMI authorisation revocation in April 2025). The CNB publishes final administrative decisions and penalty registers as a matter of course under sectoral law and, from 2025, under MiCA/DORA-specific publication duties.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "enforcement precedent", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/regular-aml-reporting-towards-the-czech-national-bank", "source_url": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/regular-aml-reporting-towards-the-czech-national-bank", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "publication duty", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/final-administrative-decisions-of-the-czech-national-bank/", "source_url": "https://thebanks.eu/emis/gopay-354933", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "licence revocation", "source": "https://thebanks.eu/emis/gopay-354933", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/final-administrative-decisions-of-the-czech-national-bank/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "sanction toolkit", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2025/czech-republic", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/final-administrative-decisions-of-the-czech-national-bank/", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "unlicensed deposit-taking enforcement", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/czech-republic", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/supervision-financial-market/conduct-of-supervision/final-administrative-decisions-of-the-czech-national-bank/", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W8", "name": "Merchant Acquiring & Risk", "confidence": "Assessed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w8-merchant-acquiring-risk", "standing_position": "Czech merchant acquiring is served by domestic PSP/gateway players such as GoPay and Comgate operating under CNB payment-institution/EMI authorisation, layering PCI DSS-compliant card acquiring atop the EU Interchange Fee Regulation cap regime, with standard chargeback/dispute mechanics (reason codes, refund-before-chargeback practice) and card-scheme-defined high-risk merchant treatment.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "acquirer dispute mechanics", "source": "https://help.gopay.com/en/knowledge-base/security/payment-fraud-and-chargeback", "source_url": "https://thefintechtimes.com/fintech-landscape-of-the-czech-republic-in-2026/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "acquirer licensing basis", "source": "https://thebanks.eu/emis/gopay-354933", "source_url": "https://www.pxp.io/payments-glossary/card-scheme-rules", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "acquiring/gateway market", "source": "https://thefintechtimes.com/fintech-landscape-of-the-czech-republic-in-2026/", "source_url": "https://www.pxp.io/payments-glossary/card-scheme-rules", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "scheme rule pass-through", "source": "https://www.pxp.io/payments-glossary/card-scheme-rules", "source_url": "https://www.pxp.io/payments-glossary/card-scheme-rules", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "instrument usage trend", "source": "https://www.financialprofessionals.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/pdf/cp_afp-czech-pdffa6b334e827d6df1bc1fff00003724d4.pdf?sfvrsn=0", "source_url": "https://www.pxp.io/payments-glossary/card-scheme-rules", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W9", "name": "Product Innovation & Market Development", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": true, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w9-product-innovation-market-development", "standing_position": "CNB advancing bulk instant payments (targeted 2026), mandatory euro instant payments for domestic banks including cross-border (July 2027), and euro payments from koruna accounts (June 2028).", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "regulatory sandbox", "source": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/czech-republic", "source_url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/fintech-2026/czech-republic", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "open banking infrastructure", "source": "https://developers.cnb.cz/", "source_url": "https://developers.cnb.cz/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "QR/retail product", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "central bank digital asset exposure", "source": "https://veritahr.com/verita-hrs-guide-to-fintech-adoption-in-the-czech-republic/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "bulk instant payments roadmap", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/instant-payments/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/Instant-payments-gain-popularity-most-Czechs-now-use-them-with-99-customer-satisfaction/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W10", "name": "Consumer Protection & APP Fraud", "confidence": "Assessed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w10-consumer-protection-app-fraud", "standing_position": "Consumer protection in Czech payments rests on the Payment System Act (private-law user relationship provisions), the general Consumer Protection Act (Act No. 634/1992 Coll.), and free dispute resolution via the Office of the Financial Arbitrator. Dedicated APP-fraud mandatory reimbursement is not yet a standalone Czech regime; the EU-level PSD3/Payment Services Regulation deal (November 2025) introduces harmonised online-fraud protections and platform liability that will bind the Czech Republic once formally adopted.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "dispute-resolution mechanism", "source": "https://finarbitr.gov.cz/en/areas-of-competence/payment-services.html", "source_url": "https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20251121IPR31540/payment-services-deal-more-protection-from-online-fraud-and-hidden-fees", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "pending EU regulation", "source": "https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20251121IPR31540/payment-services-deal-more-protection-from-online-fraud-and-hidden-fees", "source_url": "https://mpo.gov.cz/en/consumer-protection/consumer-guide/where-to-make-a-complaint---263028/", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "general consumer protection statute", "source": "https://mpo.gov.cz/assets/dokumenty/33030/46444/558072/priloha001.pdf", "source_url": "https://mpo.gov.cz/en/consumer-protection/consumer-guide/where-to-make-a-complaint---263028/", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "complaints routing", "source": "https://mpo.gov.cz/en/consumer-protection/consumer-guide/where-to-make-a-complaint---263028/", "source_url": "https://mpo.gov.cz/en/consumer-protection/consumer-guide/where-to-make-a-complaint---263028/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "fraud-typology public awareness", "source": "https://www.csas.cz/en/about-us/security-and-data-protection", "source_url": "https://mpo.gov.cz/en/consumer-protection/consumer-guide/where-to-make-a-complaint---263028/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W11", "name": "AML/CFT & Financial Crime", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w11-aml-cft-financial-crime", "standing_position": "sentinel.position: Czech AML/CFT supervision is split between the Financial Analytical Office (FAU), the Ministry-of-Finance-housed FIU responsible for STR/SAR processing and the National Risk Assessment (NRA) process, and the CNB for the financial-institution segment, operating under Act No. 253/2008 Coll. The third NRA round is in progress and a first national AML/CFT Strategy (2025-2027) has been approved.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "penalty ceiling for financial groups", "source": "https://arws.cz/news-at-arrows/regular-aml-reporting-towards-the-czech-national-bank", "source_url": "https://rm.coe.int/committee-of-experts-on-the-evaluation-of-anti-money-laundering-measur/1680925753", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": "AML/CFT is governed by Act No. 253/2008 (implementing successive EU AML Directives) with the Financial Analytical Office (FAU, Ministry of Finance) as FIU and the Czech National Bank (CNB) as prudential AML supervisor for financial institutions. Beneficial ownership is governed by Act No. 37/2021 (register administered by courts/Ministry of Justice). Czech Republic is a MONEYVAL member (not directly FATF-assessed), last evaluated in its 2018 5th-round MER, currently under MONEYVAL Compliance Enhancing Procedures for one Recommendation.", "instrument_type": "assessment", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) per-JID baseline profile — Czech Republic", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: sourcing-thinness", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-004)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Sanctions: EU listing", "instrument_type": "sanctions_change", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) sanctions_change_register (issue FIM-BASE-SANC-003)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: regulatory-failure", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-001)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null }, { "finding": "Gap: capacity-deficit", "instrument_type": "gap", "source": "FIM (sentinel.gi) gaps_register_cumulative (issue FIM-BASE-GAP-002)", "source_url": null, "source_tier": null, "retrieved_at": null } ] }, { "code": "W12", "name": "Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access", "confidence": "High", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w12-correspondent-banking-settlement-access", "standing_position": "Czech koruna settlement runs through the CNB-operated CERTIS RTGS, with direct participation open to banks, credit unions, foreign bank branches, and (since 2025) payment and e-money institutions. Cross-border euro settlement access runs via TARGET2/T2 and EURO1 through parent-group branch networks, given the Czech Republic's non-euro status; correspondent banking for other currencies uses SWIFT-based bilateral relationships, with no evidence of jurisdiction-specific de-risking pressure identified in this sweep.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "settlement system access criteria", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/certis-the-interbank-payment-system-description/", "source_url": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/certis/certis-the-interbank-payment-system-description/", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "correspondent/central bank access", "source": "https://www.financialprofessionals.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/pdf/cp_afp-czech-pdffa6b334e827d6df1bc1fff00003724d4.pdf?sfvrsn=0", "source_url": "https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-trade-financing", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "correspondent bank list", "source": "https://www.cnb.cz/en/payments/services-for-clients/list-of-correspondent-banks-for-foreign-payments/", "source_url": "https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-trade-financing", "source_tier": "1", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "euro RTGS mechanism", "source": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TARGET2", "source_url": "https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-trade-financing", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "FX/currency access", "source": "https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-trade-financing", "source_url": "https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/czech-republic-trade-financing", "source_tier": "2", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] }, { "code": "W13", "name": "Commercial Intelligence & Fintech", "confidence": "Assessed", "moved_this_cycle": false, "url": "https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/czech-republic/#w13-commercial-intelligence-fintech", "standing_position": "Trailing-12-month Czech payments/fintech commercial activity is dominated by continued BNPL-sector consolidation around Twisto (Param/Zip Co lineage), modest fintech-specific funding relative to the broader Czech startup market (~$45.8M raised across 10 rounds through May 2026), and inbound infrastructure expansion (Banking Circle) rather than large domestic mega-rounds.", "findings": [ { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://www.financemagnates.com/fintech/biggest-turkeys-fintech-param-acquires-czech-twisto-in-european-expansion/", "source_url": "https://www.financemagnates.com/fintech/biggest-turkeys-fintech-param-acquires-czech-twisto-in-european-expansion/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://tracxn.com/d/geographies/czech-republic/__MqqTYQpms3Zdt99rMUzg_GX4kZaxwb2oWfJsYr_lvK0", "source_url": "https://thefintechtimes.com/fintech-landscape-of-the-czech-republic-in-2026/", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://thefintechtimes.com/fintech-landscape-of-the-czech-republic-in-2026/", "source_url": "https://tracxn.com/d/geographies/czech-republic/__MqqTYQpms3Zdt99rMUzg_GX4kZaxwb2oWfJsYr_lvK0", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" }, { "finding": null, "instrument_type": "commercial_event", "source": "https://therecursive.com/biggest-funding-rounds-for-czech-startups-in-2025/", "source_url": "https://tracxn.com/d/geographies/czech-republic/__MqqTYQpms3Zdt99rMUzg_GX4kZaxwb2oWfJsYr_lvK0", "source_tier": "3", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-04" } ] } ] }